LESSON 123 · PREPOSITIONS
Understanding the topic · English notes
When a verb directly follows a preposition, it normally takes the -ing form. This includes expressions where to is a preposition rather than an infinitive marker.
A preposition is followed by a noun-like complement, so a following verb usually takes -ing. This includes to in look forward to and be used to. Distinguish that prepositional to from the infinitive marker in want to leave.
വിഷയം മനസ്സിലാക്കാം · മലയാളം നോട്ട്സ്
Preposition-ന് പിന്നാലെ verb വന്നാൽ സാധാരണ ing രൂപം ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു.
Preposition-ന് ശേഷം പ്രവർത്തനം പറഞ്ഞാൽ സാധാരണ ing വേണം. Look forward to-യിലെ to preposition ആണ്. Want to leave-യിലെ to infinitive marker ആയതിനാൽ leave base form ആണ്.
Sentence pattern · പ്രയോഗരീതി
after eating; interested in learning; look forward to meeting
Remember: Distinguish want to learn from look forward to learning.
Natural examples with Malayalam meanings
-
She left without turning off the lights.
ലൈറ്റുകൾ ഓഫ് ചെയ്യാതെ അവൾ പോയി.
-
I'm excited about taking up photography.
ഫോട്ടോഗ്രഫി തുടങ്ങുന്നതിൽ എനിക്ക് ആവേശമുണ്ട്.
-
I look forward to meeting you.
നിങ്ങളെ കാണാൻ ഞാൻ ആകാംക്ഷയോടെ കാത്തിരിക്കുന്നു.
Phrasal verbs in context · അർത്ഥം
- turn off = switch off / ഓഫ് ചെയ്യുക
- take up = start an activity / തുടങ്ങുക
Practice · പരിശീലനം
Try these without looking at the examples. For open tasks, other natural answers may be correct.
- Complete the sentence using the meaning in the notes: She left without ________ the lights.
- Say this in English: ഫോട്ടോഗ്രഫി തുടങ്ങുന്നതിൽ എനിക്ക് ആവേശമുണ്ട്.
- Restore the highlighted grammar or punctuation from example 3: I look forward to ________ you.
- What does turn off mean in example 1? Give the meaning in English or Malayalam.
- Write or say your own sentence using this lesson’s pattern. Use a real situation from your life, then explain the grammar choice.
Answers and learning check · ഉത്തരങ്ങളും വിശദീകരണവും
- turning off. She left without turning off the lights.
- I'm excited about taking up photography.
- meeting. I look forward to meeting you.
- turn off = switch off / ഓഫ് ചെയ്യുക
- Model: I look forward to meeting you. Your wording can differ. Check the sentence against the explanation and pattern above.
Why this pattern works
A preposition is followed by a noun-like complement, so a following verb usually takes -ing. This includes to in look forward to and be used to. Distinguish that prepositional to from the infinitive marker in want to leave.
Preposition-ന് ശേഷം പ്രവർത്തനം പറഞ്ഞാൽ സാധാരണ ing വേണം. Look forward to-യിലെ to preposition ആണ്. Want to leave-യിലെ to infinitive marker ആയതിനാൽ leave base form ആണ്.