LESSON 157 · INFINITIVES, GERUNDS AND PARTICIPLES
Understanding the topic · English notes
Infinitives use to plus a base verb or a bare base form in selected constructions. Modal verbs normally take a bare infinitive.
Use a to-infinitive after verbs such as want or decide, but a bare infinitive after most modals. Active make and let also take an object plus bare infinitive. Help permits both forms in many standard contexts.
വിഷയം മനസ്സിലാക്കാം · മലയാളം നോട്ട്സ്
To-infinitive-ഉം bare infinitive-ഉം verb pattern അനുസരിച്ച് ഉപയോഗിക്കണം.
Want to do, decide to do എന്ന രീതിയാണ്. Can do പോലുള്ള modal-ന് to വേണ്ട. Make/let someone do എന്ന active pattern-ലും bare infinitive. Help-ന് രണ്ടുരൂപവും പലപ്പോഴും സാധ്യമാണ്.
Sentence pattern · പ്രയോഗരീതി
want to learn; can learn; let her learn
Remember: To can also be a preposition, in which case a following verb takes -ing.
Natural examples with Malayalam meanings
-
I want to give up this habit.
ഈ ശീലം നിർത്താൻ ഞാൻ ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നു.
-
You can carry on without me.
എന്നെ കൂടാതെ നിനക്ക് തുടരാം.
-
She let me leave early.
നേരത്തേ പോകാൻ അവൾ എന്നെ അനുവദിച്ചു.
Phrasal verbs in context · അർത്ഥം
- give up = stop a habit / ശീലം നിർത്തുക
- carry on = continue / തുടരുക
Practice · പരിശീലനം
Try these without looking at the examples. For open tasks, other natural answers may be correct.
- Complete the sentence using the meaning in the notes: I want ________ this habit.
- Say this in English: എന്നെ കൂടാതെ നിനക്ക് തുടരാം.
- Restore the highlighted grammar or punctuation from example 3: She let me ________ early.
- What does give up mean in example 1? Give the meaning in English or Malayalam.
- Write or say your own sentence using this lesson’s pattern. Use a real situation from your life, then explain the grammar choice.
Answers and learning check · ഉത്തരങ്ങളും വിശദീകരണവും
- to give up. I want to give up this habit.
- You can carry on without me.
- leave. She let me leave early.
- give up = stop a habit / ശീലം നിർത്തുക
- Model: She let me leave early. Your wording can differ. Check the sentence against the explanation and pattern above.
Why this pattern works
Use a to-infinitive after verbs such as want or decide, but a bare infinitive after most modals. Active make and let also take an object plus bare infinitive. Help permits both forms in many standard contexts.
Want to do, decide to do എന്ന രീതിയാണ്. Can do പോലുള്ള modal-ന് to വേണ്ട. Make/let someone do എന്ന active pattern-ലും bare infinitive. Help-ന് രണ്ടുരൂപവും പലപ്പോഴും സാധ്യമാണ്.